Emergy, Economic and Environmental Optimization Evaluation of Low Carbon Distributed Integrated Energy System

In order to realize the efficient utilization of medium and low temperature waste heat and the sustainability evaluation of distributed integrated energy system (DIES), the architecture and sustainability evaluation method of a low carbon DIES considering waste heat recovery were proposed based on emergy theory, economy and environment.Based on the mixed integer nonlinear programming method, the economy-environment multi-objective optimization model of low carbon DIES was established, and the capacity configuration and operation optimization of DIES driven by gas turbine (GT) and solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) were realized respectively. Results show that under the condition of considering market hydrogen carbon emissions, the total annual cost of the DIES driven by SOFC is increased by 79.8% compared with that driven by GT, but the CO₂ emission is reduced by 43.3%. The emergy sustainability index of SOFC driving DIES scheme is 0.43, which is lower than that of GT driving DIES scheme (1.29).