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    燃气轮机掺氢燃烧流动及排放特性数值模拟

    Numerical Simulation of Flow and Emission Characteristics in Hydrogen-blended Combustion of Gas Turbines

    • 摘要: 为响应国家"双碳"战略,燃气轮机掺氢燃烧技术成为重要发展方向。基于SST k-ω湍流模型和非预混燃烧模型,采用数值模拟方法研究了某单管燃烧室在燃料喷射速度40~120 m/s和掺氢比0~20%条件下,掺氢天然气的流动和排放特性。结果表明:纯天然气和掺氢比20%工况下,燃烧室出口温度均在100 m/s时达到峰值后下降;燃料喷射速度超过100 m/s时,掺氢工况表现出更高的出口温度和更均匀的出口温度分布,但会破坏回流区,降低燃烧效率;CO排放量线性增加,CO2排放量先增后减;综合分析得出最佳燃料喷射速度为80 m/s,此工况下掺氢20%与纯天然气燃烧相比可扩大回流区面积,延长燃料充分燃烧时间,同时CO2和CO排放量分别减少了14.8%和54.9%,但NOx排放量增加了64.1%,易引发燃烧不稳定现象。本研究为燃气轮机掺氢燃烧系统的优化设计提供了重要的理论支撑。

       

      Abstract: In response to China's "dual carbon" strategy, hydrogen-blended combustion technology for gas turbines has become an important development direction. Based on the SST k-ω turbulence model and a non-premixed combustion model, the flow and emission characteristics of hydrogen-blended natural gas in a can-type combustor were numerically investigated under fuel inlet velocities ranging from 40 to 120 m/s and hydrogen blending ratios from 0 to 20%. Results show that for both pure natural gas and the 20% hydrogen-blended cases, the combustor outlet temperature peaks at 100 m/s before declining. When the inlet velocity exceeds 100 m/s, the hydrogen-blended cases exhibit higher outlet temperatures and a more uniform temperature distribution. However, the high velocity disrupts the recirculation zone and reduces combustion efficiency. CO emissions increase linearly while CO2 emissions first rise and then decrease. A comprehensive analysis identifies the optimal fuel inlet velocity as 80 m/s. Under this operating condition, compared to pure natural gas combustion, blending 20% hydrogen expands the recirculation zone area and extends the residence time for complete fuel combustion. Consequently,CO2 and CO emissions decrease by 14.8% and 54.9%, alongside a 64.1% increase in NOx emissions and an elevated risk of combustion instability. This research provides important theoretical support for optimizing hydrogen-blended combustion systems in gas turbines.

       

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