Abstract: Biomass blending technology is an important technology path for the low-carbonization transformation of coal power and the low-carbonization construction of new coal power. Anthracite and biomass co-firing is an inevitable choice for the coal power industry. Taking anthracite and wheat straw as the study subjects, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) method was employed to investigate the ignition, combustion and steady-state combustion characteristics of the fuels at different blending ratios. Three model-free methods—KAS, FWO and Friedman as well as the CR integral method were used to simulate the combustion reaction kinetics of both pure fuels and blended fuels, and the synergistic effects were verified by comparing the theoretically calculated thermogravimetric (TG) curves with the experimentally measured curves. Results show that wheat straw has lower ignition temperature and combustion temperature, exhibiting better combustion characteristics than anthracite. Blending anthracite powder with wheat straw can effectively lower the ignition temperature, improve steady-state combustion performance, significantly reduce the activation energy during the initial combustion phase, and enhance reactivity. The blended combustion demonstrates a significant synergistic effect. These research findings provide technical support and a theoretical basis for the co-firing of biomass with difficult-to-burn coal types such as anthracite.