Abstract:
To enable wind turbine generators to possess functions such as voltage support and primary frequency regulation similar to those of synchronous generators, taking a 2 MW direct-drive wind turbine generator as the research object, a scheme was proposed to construct a grid-forming wind-storage integrated unit by configuring energy storage on direct current (DC) side. A virtual synchronous control structure and an active support strategy involving the coordinated operation of the machine-side, grid-side, and energy storage converter, were presented through this scheme. The favorable effects of this approach under various scenarios were verified through hardware-in-the-loop simulation, and its practical implementation was demonstrated in engineering projects for primary frequency regulation and reactive power voltage regulation. The oscillation issues from the interactive effects of wind power fluctuations and variations in the internal grid intensity of the wind farm were also explained. Results indicate that when the wind turbine detects changes in grid frequency and voltage, this strategy can provide the function of frequency and voltage support by drawing an analogy with rotor motion equations of synchronous generators. The wind turbine can autonomously and synchronously respond with active and reactive power, making it more suitable for operation in weak power grid. The grid-forming wind-storage integrated unit based on virtual synchronous control exhibits capabilities of primary frequency regulation and reactive power support, effectively enhancing the inertia support response rate of wind turbine and support capacity for weak power grid.